Multimeter use how to test IGBT and testing electronic components with multimeter

 Multimeter  use  how  to   test   IGBT  using  Analog  Multimeter   and  Digital  Multimeter

IGBT  TESTING     IGBT  has 3 legs  , namely  , Gate ,   collector  and  Emitter  , Its working principle  is  input voltage control output current.   we can use this basic bias to test whether it  is a   bad or good  IGBT. Important note analog Multimeter  use on this article it  is  a version that  black test lead  supply V+ and red  test lead supply V- , when  setting    to  resistance test function.

HOW   TO  TEST    IGBT

Connection diagram   to   test  IGBT   ON / OFF testing.

Sample  IGBT  has  Gate  Collector   and   Emitter ( pin No.  1 2 3 respectively )

Step to test  IGBT  ON / OFF TESTING
1.  Take  IGBT  part number  to find  leg function from datasheet.

2.  Connect test leads with  IGBT  leg as photo above.
3.  Set analog multimeter to  Rx10K  as  this range it will  supply  9VDC  from internal battery.  9VDC is high enough  to  bias gate leg  so  IGBT is  working as  ON state.
4. Use  resistor's  leg to temporarily  connect  between  G  leg and C leg ; the pointer's of multimeter move  forward  to  low resistance  as shown  on  photo.
5. After removing resistor leg  the pointer 's of multimeter  hold
the same position  because   IGBT  is still working  as  ON  state , this is  for a  good  IGBT indication   but  the bad  IGBT  can not  hold  ON state  so  the  multimeter's   pointer   move backward  to   ∞  position after  removing resistor's leg.

Test SCR / THYRISTOR MODULE with multimeter

How    to   test    SCR   Module 

SCR  /  THYRISTOR  MODULE   is   a   power  electronic device which  is for  high current and high voltage application.  It  still  use  multimeter to test its condition : good or bad.   The step to check is almost the same as small  SCR  and same principle  , however , there is some difference in  detail  , for example we can not use multimeter to trig gate of  SCR because  it is a  power  electronic device.  There are many model  of  SCR module in  the market.  On  its name plate  there is  internal circuit diagram that is useful  to check  and  installation.

                      The example  SCR  module consist of   1 SCR and  1  Diode.

How to check electronic device

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Choose  these  articles   to  read   more   of   device   testing.

• 1)    30 testing of electronic devices
• 
  

2)   Test  Triac   with   multimeter

3)   Test   SCR   with   multimeter

4)   Test   MOSFET   with   multimeter

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Step to check  SCR  /  THYRISTOR  MODULE   with   multimeter

1. Find the terminal and internal circuit diagram of  SCR  from its name plate or datasheet.

2. From the example SCR module  consist of  1 SCR and  1 Diode.   Check  diode  firstly   by using  Diode check  range  on digital multimeter.  The good diode will  present  forward voltage drop  0.3-0.7V ( forward bias) and  display  OL  1 time when reverse bias.  Shorted diode display 000V 2 time and  Open diode display OL  2  time.   If  diode is already bad , no need to do the next  step.

                                         Check   diode   of   THYRISTOR  MODULE

         Forward bias to diode  , there is  0.371V forward voltage drop .  = good diode

                             Reverse  bias to diode  ,  display    " OL "   =  good diode

3.  Check     SCR   condition  ,  A  and  K1   terminal.  Set to Ohm meter range  , good  SCR will  display  very  high  resistance  as Mega Ohm.   Shorted SCR , multimeter display 0 Ohm  and   Open SCR , multimeter display  OL.

   Check   A  and  K1   terminal  of  SCR  ,  good SCR get very high resistance Mega Ohm.

  Check   A  and  K1   terminal  of  SCR  ,  good SCR get very high resistance Mega Ohm.

4.  Check     SCR   condition  ,  G1  and  K1   terminal.  Set  to Ohm   range  on digital multimeter , good  SCR will  display  low  resistance .   Shorted SCR , multimeter display 0 Ohm  and   Open SCR , multimeter display  OL.

           Check     G1  and  K1   terminal.   , good  SCR will  display  low  resistance .

           Check     G1  and  K1   terminal.   , good  SCR will  display  low  resistance .

Analog  multimeter  can  check diode on SCR module  too  if  it is a good diode will point at  low resistance when forward biasing and  point at ∞  (Infinity) Ohm  when reverse biasing.   Check  G1  and  K1   terminal of  SCR module  , good  SCR will  display  low  resistance so it can check by  Rx1  Ohm  Range.   However , A  and  K1   terminal of  SCR   is 4-5 Mega Ohm resistance analog multimeter can not  display or present any pointer  movement   this  is  very high value , after try with the same module and same condition ,  it always point at  point at ∞  (Infinity) Ohm.

Test IGBT with Multimeter BAD or Good Condition

Test    IGBT   with   Multimeter 

How  to  test  IGBT with  multimeter , it  will explain on  this article.   If  anyone  can  use  a  basic  multimeter and  know  how  to  test diode , it can easily test  IGBT  too.  Before  testing  notice  the IGBT terminals , It has  G ,  C and  E terminal.  G = Gate ,  C= Collector,  E = Emitter.   Some model  of   IGBT has internal diode connected  across  C and E terminal.  Hight current  and  big IGBT tend to  fail  as shorted and open condition so  before testing all process you may firstly check  shorted and open condition.

 Discharge IGBT by shorting 3 terminal together.  This sample IGBT  has terminal arrangement  as   G   C   E  ( 1-2-3 respectively ).

--------------------------------

Choose   these  articles   to  read .

• 1)    30 testing of electronic devices
• 
  

2)   Test  Triac   with   multimeter

3)   Test   SCR   with   multimeter

4)   Test   MOSFET   with   multimeter

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Step  to  Test  IGBT   with  a   multimeter .

1.  Discharge IGBT by shorting 3 terminal together. Use resistor legs or other similar metal wire.  After discharge do not touch any its terminal and during the test process always hold at insulated area or black case.   Remove  IGBT  from circuit  before doing  any any  testing.

2.  Test  C and  E  terminals by using Rx1K   Ohm range.  Touch the test lead and read the measured value.   Switch the test lead and   read the measured value again.   Good  IGBT  will  display some resistance  1 time  and  ∞  1  time.  Shored  IGBT will point at 0 Ohm  2 time.  Open IGBT  will point at ∞    2   time.

                    Good  IGBT  will   point  at  some resistance  1 time .

                 Good   IGBT  will   point   at   ∞   scale     1  time 

3.  Test  G and  C  terminals by using Rx10K   Ohm range.  Touch the test lead and read the measured value.   Switch the test lead and  read the measured value again.    Good IGBT  will  display  ∞   2   time.

4.  Test  G and  E  terminals by using Rx10K   Ohm range.  Touch the test lead and read the measured value.   Switch the test lead and read the measured value again.   Good  IGBT  will  display  ∞  2   time.

                                      

                     Test  G and  C   terminals   by using   Rx10K   Ohm range.

                     Test  G and  E   terminals by using   Rx10K   Ohm range.

All step  1 ,  2  ,  3 to 4 testing must    be good condition so the IGBT is good condition.  If any of  only 1 step is  fail so the IGBT is already bad.

Simple   method  to test IGBT  is   Gate  trig.

Discharge the IGBT by shorting 3 terminal together. During the test process do not touch any terminal and always hold  IGBT at  black case.    Connect the lest lead  as photo then use resistor to supply trig voltage from C terminal to trig G terminal.   Good IGBT will cause  pointer  of   multimeter  move  forward and point at some resistance.  then remove  the resistor ( trig voltage) ,  the IGBT still let current flow and the pointer still  point  at  the same position  when  trig  Gate.

                                         Connection  of   test  leads  to trig  Gate  of   IGBT

              After removing  trig voltage , the pointer still point  the same position  ( for good IGBT)

How to test a transistor good or bad condition with hFE test

 Test  a   transistor  good  or  bad , hFE test

Condition  of  transistor : good , bad  or defective  can   be checked   from its hFE.    hFE  is DC amplification and  it  is a  the relation of   Ib  and  Ic ,  hFE =  Ic/Ib.   Generally , hFE  is  amount range  10-1000 it depends  on  a  transistor part number.    Shorted , opened , defective transistor  will  reflect to  hFE  amount.  We  will  demonstrate  those case  below.   hFE amount also  use to  QC quality of transistor  , compare quality of  transistor from different supplier or different batch.  Some model of  analog  multimeter  and  digital  multimeter   has  specific  transistor   test   socket. 

                                                       hFE  scale (  Ic / Ib )

                                Transistor   test   socket

                                 Transistor    test  socket

Step  to   check   a   transistor   hFE.  

1.  Find a  transistor terminal arrangement  and  DC current gain from its datasheet.  For example  transistor part number  : 

2N3904  is  NPN type , terminal  arrangement :  E-B-C  and  hFE = 100(min)-300(max) .    

2N3906  is  PNP type , terminal arrangement : E-B-C   and  hFE =  100(min)-300(max). 

2. Insert  the right terminal to the right socket  and  transistor type.  B terminal to B socket , C terminal to C socket  and  E terminal to E socket.

         hFE  test  of   2N3904  NPN transistor , good transistor will display hFE

       hFE   test  of   2N3906 PNP  transistor  ,  good transistor will display hFE

3.  In  case of  bad  transistor : shorted , opened will display as demonstration below.

                                 B-C   shored  demonstration , bad transistor

                                 B-E  shored  demonstration , bad  transistor

                                 C-E  shored   demonstration ,  bad transistor

                                Open   B  terminal  demonstration ,  bad transistor

                                Open   C  terminal demonstration ,  bad  transistor.

                                Open  E  terminal  demonstration ,  bad transistor

How to check electronic device

Choose   topics   to   read .

Test   DIODE  by   multimeter  

Test    bridge   rectifier  diode 

Test Zener  Diode   1

Test  Zender  diode  2

Test  Capacitor  

Test switch  ,  limit switch ,  rocker switch , toggle switch

Test relay

Test  Resistor

Example test of Multifunction tester and How to use M tester TC1

How  to  use  M  tester    TC1    Multifunction   tester  

The   short  necessary  information  before  using   the Multifunction tester  TC1 or  the other multifunction test ( M tester) has the same  function as model TC1.  According to its  specification  the multifunction tester  can test  basic electronic  components  such as resistor  capacitor  inductor and semiconductor device  such as   diode   zener  diode   LED   transistor  mosfet  IGBT   triac  SCR  ect.  It  almost cover the component  on  PCB repairing.  The key feature that it can automatically identify  pin  of  component  and  super  easy  to   use.

                                Multifunction   tester  , rechargeable   version 

                       Multifunction   tester   ,  non-rechargeable   version and   lower  cost

The  first   necessary  information before using , it  need  to  know  that  socket  arrangement  and it name. Put the right terminal  to the right socket function.  Don't put too big  terminal to socket ,in this case please use additional test leads.  Additional test leads its purpose for  testing  big components  and not easy to bend  terminals.   For capacitor testing always   discharge capacitor before testing 

                         Socket arrangement and  terminal  function   for   the  right   terminal  insertion

                       Additional   test   leads    for  testing  big components  and   big   terminals 

Example  testing   of   Multifunction   tester

1.  Zener  Diode test.   Insert a  zener diode to KAA socket  , Kathode terminal  to K socket and Anode terminal to A socket.  If  is  is  a good Zener , display will show component name and the  specification of zener diode  as it   should be.

                                Zener Diode test  and  insert  area  at  KAA

2.   Two  terminal components   testing.   Such  as  resistor , capacitor  , inductor ,  diode  ect. Insert component   to  any  123 socket.   In case   of   big terminals component  use  addition test leads. The display will show component detail what  it  should be.   The bad component  the display will show in different way.

                                 2    terminal components insert to  1233 socket

                                  2    terminal components insert to  1233 socket

        Always discharge capacitor before testing , non-discharge capacitor may damage the tester.

                                  Big  terminal component  use  an   additional  test  leads

3.   Three  terminal  components   testing   such as   transistor  SCR   mosfet  IGBT etc.   Insert the component terminal  to  1233  socket and   press the button.  The tester will show the right component name and its specification as it should be  , including , automatically identify terminal function of  components.

                                3  terminal  components   testing , insert to 1233 socket

                                3  terminal  components   testing , insert   to 1233 socket

  In case of  damage part display , try new socket area and  also try a  new component and compare testing   result.

Test integrated circuit HOW TO TEST ICs CHIPS by Multimeter

HOW   TO  TEST   ICs    CHIPS     by     Multimeter  

BASIC    ICs    TESTING  ,  test integrated circuit

How  to   test  integrated   circuit    by  Multimeter

ICs   is  a    circuit and  there are  many small  electronic components  inside it.   ICs has many type , style ,  including its complexity.    On   this article  I will refer to standard  ICs   that  we always find it   at common circuit and I will use standard ICs  for example testing.    For special purpose ICs you can check  with  ICs  maker  how to check and test  it  ,  test guide and specification data can  get these from datasheet ;   type ICs part number on google  search  by   this  you will find datasheet as PDF file.  On datasheet  will  present electrical characteristic  , test graph for designer  and  checking , pin  arrangement  function , sizing  for installation   and   safety  advice.



They    are   2  basic method  to check   ICs.
1)  On circuit  testing .    If  you have oscilloscope  and know  how  circuit is working   such as input , output ,condition  to  on  and off , type of  signal  ; then you can consider it  as block diagram  and section to test.
At the ICs you will check  input  voltage  is present  or  not , output occur  after the input switch on/off or not.     Including   Vcc  of  ICs  should be value  as   its rated voltage.

2.    VCC   and   ground   terminal   resistance   checking.    As    inside  the  ICs  there is  some circuit  , it need voltage to supply and the circuit inside must not  " short circuit "  and  " open circuit"  these is the basic condition for good ICs , we will apply this to check ICs   and   describe below.

Take  ICs part number  that   marked on its body to find  pinning function  on datasheet ,  find  where  is VCC and ground pin  locate. Some ICs has many VCC and ground pin ,   you  to check  all  VCC  pinning  and  it  must be good condition for all VCC.     I will use ICs part number HD74LS00P  for example testing.   Set  multimeter  to resistor  test function then   connect   as  shown  on   photo , measure ,   and  read  resistance value.


HD74LS00P  pining arrangement   ( different  ICs  part number  has different VCC pin  allocation )
The notch  and circle on ICs   mean  pin no.  1  start  from that point.

Pin no.  1  start   at  the dot and notch.

VCC and GND testing , The  first  measurement   and   test   leads    connection.

The    first   measured  resistance value is  high ( for good ICs)

VCC and GND testing , the  second  measurement  and  test leads   connection.

The  second  measured resistance value  is  lower  compare to  the first. ( for good ICs)

2.1 
Good  ICs .... measured  resistance value of  VCC and ground  testing ,  the first measurement  and  second measurement  , the first testing resistance value  is high and the second is low ( compare to the first ).  See  above  photo for   example.

2.2
Bad  ICs (leak)........both measured resistance  value   tend to the same value and very  high  resistance.

2.3
Bad  ICs (Short circuit) ....both  measured resistance value tend  to  very low resistance ( almost be  0  ohm )

2.4
Bad  ICs ( open  circuit) ... the display show  " OL"   for both    measurement.

How to check electronic device

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Choose   topics   to   read.

Test    IGBT    1

Test    IGBT    2

Test   IGBT  Module 

Test   SCR

Test    SCR  /  THYRISTOR  MODULE   with   multimeter

Test  Triac 

Test   MOSFET   1